Asturies-Llión (roleplay): Difference between revisions
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==Culture==
===World Heritage Sites===
{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
! Name
! class="unsortable"| Image
! Location
! Republic or Autonomous Province
! UNESCO data
! Period
! class="unsortable"| Description
|-
! scope="row"|Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of the Northern Iberian Peninsula
|[[File:Altamira-1880.jpg|150px]]
| —
|[[Cantabria]], [[Asturies]] (shared with Spain)
|310; 1985, 2008 (extended); i, iii
|Upper Paleolithic
|The Cave of Altamira contains examples of cave painting from the Upper Paleolithic period, ranging from 35,000 to 11,000 BC. The original listing contained seventeen decorated caves. The caves are well-preserved because of their deep isolation from the external climate.
|-
! scope="row"|Monuments of Oviedo and the Kingdom of Asturies
|[[File:Santa maria del naranco-001.jpg|150px|Santa Maria del Naranco]]
|[[Uviéu]]
|[[Asturies]]
|312; 1985, 1998 (extended); i, ii, iv
|9th century
|The [[Kingdom of Asturies]] remained the only Christian region of the Iberian Peninsula in the 9th century. It developed its own style of Pre-Romanesque art and architecture that is displayed in various churches and other monuments. The original entry titled "Churches of the Kingdom of the Asturias" and was extended to include other monuments such as La Foncalada (a fountain).
|-
! scope="row"|Old City of Salamanca
|[[File:Catedralnuevaslc.jpg|150px|Cathedral of Salamanca]]
|[[Salamanca]]
|[[Llión]]
|381; 1988; i, ii, iv
|13th to 16th centuries
|Salamanca is important as a university city, as the [[University of Salamanca]], founded in 1218, is the oldest in Asturies-Llión and among the oldest in Europe. The city was first conquered by the Carthaginians in the 3rd century, and later ruled by the Romans and Moors. The city centre represents Romanesque, Gothic, Moorish, Renaissance, and Baroque architecture.
|-
! scope="row"|Old Town of Caçris
|[[File:Pano Parte Antigua de Cáceres.jpg|150px|Cáceres]]
|[[Caçris]]
|[[Estremaúra]]
|384; 1986; iii, iv
|3rd to 15th centuries
|The old town combines Roman, Islamic, Northern Gothic, and Italian Renaissance architectural influences, including more than 30 Islamic towers.
|-
! scope="row"|Archaeological Ensemble of Méria
|[[File:Merida Roman Theatre1.jpg|150px|Roman Theatre of Méria]]
|[[Méria]]
|[[Estremaúra]]
|664; 1993; iii, iv
|1st to 5th centuries
|Méria was founded in 25 BC by the Romans as ''Emerita Augusta'' and was the capital of the Lusitania province. Remains from the Roman era include a bridge, aqueduct, amphitheatre, theatre, circus, and forum.
|-
! scope="row"|Royal Monastery of Santa María de Guadalupi
|[[File:Royal Monastery of Santa Maria de Guadalupe.jpg|150px|Santa María de Guadalupe]]
|Guadalupi
|[[Estremaúra]]
|665; 1993; iv, vi
|13th to 16th centuries
|The monastery is home of Our Lady of Guadalupi, a shrine to the Virgin Mary found in the 13th century after being buried from Muslim invaders in 714. The Virgin of Guadalupi and the monastery served as important symbols during the Reconquista, culminating in 1492, the same year as Christopher Columbus' discovery of America. The Guadalupi Virgin became an important symbol during the evangelization of America.
|-
! scope="row"|[[Way of St. James|Route of Santiago de Compostela]]
|[[File:Image-Alto del perdon.jpg|150px|Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela]]
|align=center| —
|{{sort|Aragon|[[Aragon]], [[Castile and León]], [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]], [[Navarre]], and [[La Rioja (Spain)|La Rioja]]}}
|{{sort|1993|669; 1993; ii, iv, vi}}
|align=center|{{sort|999|N/A}}
|The Route, or the Way of St. James, is a [[pilgrimage]] from the French-Spanish border to the [[Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela]], where the [[Apostle (Christian)|apostle]] [[James, son of Zebedee|James]] is believed to be buried.
|-
! scope="row"|[[Las Médulas]]
|[[File:Panorámica de Las Médulas.jpg|150px|Las Médulas]]
|[[Ponferrada]]
|[[Castile and León]]
|{{sort|1997|803; 1997; i, ii, iii, iv}}
|{{sort|001|1st to 3rd centuries}}
|The Romans established a gold mine and worked the site for two centuries. They used an early form of [[hydraulic mining]] and cut aqueducts in the rock cliffs to provide water for the operations. The Romans left in the early 3rd century, leaving sheer cliff faces and mining infrastructure that is intact today.
|-
! scope="row" style="background:#D0E7FF;"|Prehistoric Rock-Art Sites in the Côa Valley and Siega Verde*
|[[File:Rock Art Foz Coa 01.jpg|150px|Rock art in Côa]]
|align=center| —
|[[Castile and León]] (shared with [[Portugal]])
|{{sort|1998|866; 1998, 2010 (extended); i, iii}}
|{{sort|0002|Paleolithic}}
|The original 1998 listing contained examples of [[Upper Paleolithic]] [[Côa Valley Paleolithic Art|rock art in the Côa Valley]] of Portugal. In 2010 it was extended to include 645 engravings in the archaeological zone of Siega Verde in Spain. The two sites represent the most well-preserved collection of open-air Palaolithic art in the Iberian peninsula.
|-
! scope="row" style="background:#D0E7FF;"|[[Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe]]*
|align=center|{{sort|999|[[File:Río Lillas - Hayedo de Tejera Negra.jpg|150px|Lillas river in the Tejera Negra beech grove (Cantalojas, Guadalajara, Spain).]]}}
|
|[[Castile and León]], [[Navarre]], [[Castile-La Mancha]], and [[Community of Madrid]] (shared with 11 other countries in Europe)
|{{sort|2017|1133; 2017; ix}}
| N/A
| Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians are used to study the spread of the beech tree ([[Fagus sylvatica]]) in the Northern Hemisphere across a variety of environments and the environment in the forest. The addition of the Ancient Beech Forests of Germany in 2011 included five forests totaling {{convert|4391|ha}} that are added to the {{convert|29278|ha}} of Slovakian and Ukrainian beech forests inscribed on the World Heritage List in 2007. The site was further expanded in 2017 to include forests in 9 additional European countries.
|-
|}
===Literature===
===Art===
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